CBRNe4rail addresses the vulnerability of passenger rail stations to CBRNe threats (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive) by designing an integrated security framework tailored to the railway sector. The project includes the joint development of an operational concept by operators, law enforcement and first responders, the creation of “security by design” guidelines, an advanced training programme, and four large-scale field exercises. It leverages knowledge and tools from past EU and NATO initiatives to ensure continuity, scalability and long-term impact.